Pallets between receipt, buffers and production
A vehicle collects a prepared pallet and brings it to a defined floor position, station or storage area. Pallet movers or autonomous forklifts may be suitable depending on lifting requirements.
Check: carrier condition, overhanging loads, pickup height, free destinations and missing-load feedback. Source and destination readiness must be established.
Relevant manufacturer candidates include suitable Linde, STILL, VisionNav and AGILOX models. Actual suitability is model-specific. See manufacturer profiles.
Supply production with bins or carts
Demand can originate from an operator, sensor or business system. Depending on the carrier, use an underride robot, an appropriate top module or a tugger.
Evaluate peak demand, minimum material levels, priorities and empty returns together. A robot arriving early is unhelpful when the destination is still occupied. Start with a small set of clearly defined stations.
Tuggers and trailer transport
A tugger can combine several carriers and reuse existing carts if coupling and geometry are suitable.
Test the whole loaded train at corners, intersections and handovers, including any reversing requirement. An empty demonstration does not represent loaded operation.
Between-building and outdoor movement
Use vehicles explicitly suitable for the environment. Suitability for an indoor AMR cannot be assumed outdoors.
Evaluate ground, gradients, water, temperature, doors and shared routes. Innok is one relevant candidate for appropriate outdoor requirements. [Source]
Empty containers, replenishment and removal
Combining delivery and return flows may improve utilization, provided priorities and available handover points are clear.
Define when a carrier counts as empty, who releases collection and where temporary storage is allowed. Resolve these questions before configuring the workflow.
Scope a useful first pilot
- Choose a recurring flow with a clear source and destination.
- Measure current trips, peaks, waiting and interruptions.
- Test real carriers and handovers with the proposed vehicle.
- Agree completion, intervention, handover-quality and availability measures.
- Include missing loads, blocked routes and operator mistakes.
- Review the evidence before expanding vehicles or stations.
Sources and context
Base review: 18 September 2026. Manufacturer information is not an independent comparative test.